Often merely intensive, and in many of the older borrowings from French and Latin the precise sense of re- is forgotten, lost in secondary senses, or weakened beyond recognition, so that it has no apparent semantic content ( receive, recommend, recover, reduce, recreate, refer, religion, remain, request, require). OED writes that it is "impossible to attempt a complete record of all the forms resulting from its use," and adds that "The number of these is practically infinite. The many meanings in the notion of "back" give re- its broad sense-range: "a turning back opposition restoration to a former state "transition to an opposite state." From the extended senses in "again," re- becomes "repetition of an action," and in this sense it is extremely common as a formative element in English, applicable to any verb. In some English words from French and Italian re- appears as ra- and the following consonant is often doubled (see rally (v.1)). In earliest Latin the prefix became red- before vowels and h-, a form preserved in redact, redeem, redolent, redundant, redintegrate, and, in disguise, render (v.). Watkins (2000) describes this as a "Latin combining form conceivably from Indo-European *wret-, metathetical variant of *wert- "to turn." De Vaan says the "only acceptable etymology" for it is a 2004 explanation which reconstructs a root in PIE *ure "back." 1200, from Old French re- and directly from Latin re- an inseparable prefix meaning "again back anew, against." Word-forming element meaning "back, back from, back to the original place " also "again, anew, once more," also conveying the notion of "undoing" or "backward," etc. (Gower), "latterly only used by the lower classes, esp. as "state of being revered or venerated." As a respectful form of address, with possessive pronoun, to a clergyman or ecclesiastic, late 14c. We feel reverence for a parent and for an upright magistrate, but we stand in awe of a tyrant. It differs from awe in that it is not akin to the feeling of fear, dread, or terror, while also implying a certain amount of love or affection.
Reverence is nearly equivalent to veneration, but expresses something less of the same emotion. Jones recently divorced, FYI, so you may not want to include that picture in the upcoming newsletter.Late 13c., "honor, respect, deference (shown to someone), esteem heightened by awe," also of places or holy objects, from Old French reverence "respect, awe" and directly from Latin reverentia "awe, respect," from revereri "to stand in awe of, respect, honor, fear, be afraid of revere," from re-, here perhaps an intensive prefix (see re-), + vereri "stand in awe of, fear, respect" (from PIE root *wer- (3) "perceive, watch out for"). It can also be a subtle suggestion that the recipient should use the accompanying information to complete some task.Īll of these phrases would sound out of place or redundant in direct reply to a request, but they may make sense in providing additional, non-obvious details.Īttached is the requested picture of Mr. Sometimes it means the same as for future reference, which implies no action required and file it in the back of your head for when this comes up again later. The similar phrase for your reference is slightly ambiguous. The same sentiment might be expressed beginning with Well, for your information, I had a doctor appointment, and that’s why I wasn’t able to make it. Tagging communication as FYSA likewise implies no immediate action is necessary but that the information is useful for day-to-day interaction, e.g., “the heads of those departments do not get along at all, FYSA.” A pilot listening to the radio to understand what other aircraft are in the vicinity of an aerodrome is part of maintaining situational awareness. In military, defense, and aerospace settings, situational awareness is a general idea of what is going on in the immediate surroundings. In less formal settings, the same phrase may indicate that the speaker believes someone else is asking a question that is none of his business.
When you are replying to a request, there is no need to qualify it a simple
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